ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: J Biol Chem. 2018; 293(6): 1865-1874MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA species, generally 19–22 nucleotides in length, which mediate post-transcriptional down-regulation of protein expression (28). Given that miRNAs exert such pervasive effects on biological processes, it is not surprising that they have an effect on GC action at several points. Their touch...

Brief summary: This longitudinal observational multicentre retrospective study, collected data on 95 young prepubertal or early pubertal girls (age >10.9 years, Tanner stage ≤2) with premature ovarian failure (POI) or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). Their hypogonadism was due to different causes and was treated with transdermal 17β-oestradiol, with a follow-up of at least 1 year. The study aimed to identify the most physiological and effective therapeutic sc...

Brief summary: This study investigated adipose tissue cellularity and functionality in more than 400 individuals with early-onset obesity (before the age of 18 years) versus late-onset of obesity (after the age of 18 years) compared to never-obese subjects. Individuals with obesity had increased subcutaneous white adipose tissue amounts resulting from a combination of increased size and numbers of fat cells.Interestingly, individuals with early-onset obe...

Brief summary: This article develops a framework to assess the effect of adoption of new health interventions on rates of healthcare expenditure using a cost-effectiveness threshold. This detailed economic analysis is applied to 174 countries and would allow decision-makers to evaluate the effects of increased expenditure on overall population health.Health systems face strong pressure to meet the needs of populations, but to do so with scarce resources....

Brief summary: This cross-sectional study found high prevalences of high dietary intakes of fat and sugar and inadequate intakes of fiber among obese Indonesian adolescents, and a statistically significant correlation between fiber intake and HDL cholesterol levels.Low and middle-income countries are experiencing nutritional transitions with increasing prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease risks. This cross-sectional study performed in Indones...

Prof Hochberg was an exceptional paediatrician, endocrinologist and paediatric endocrinologist. He had an inquisitive mind, interest in various and wide fields, love for music, operas, books and people. Even in the field of endocrinology, he always researched beyond the visible. His groundbreaking contributions to the field of paediatric endocrinology have left an indelible mark on the medical community.Comment: To distinguish among chil...

In Brief: This manuscript was prepared from presentations given at the ESPE New Inroads for Child Health (NICHe) conference held in May 2009 in Marstrand, Sweden. It reviewed the concept of plasticity in developmental programming and evidence for the role of epigenetic mechanisms. It became widely accepted as a leading reference on this topic with currently >750 citations in Google Scholar.Comment: Ze’ev Hochberg had a brilliant, creative mind. ...

Ze’ev Hochberg was fascinated by growth, a dominant topic during his long-standing career. He published 153 articles on growth according to PubMed, the first 1980 [1] and the last in April this year [2]. Synergy between thyroid hormones and growth hormone was recognized decades ago [3] but Ze’ev Hochberg added an important piece of knowledge on the impact of hypothyroidism on the growth plate as well as the effects of thyroid hormones, growth hormone and the combinat...

Brief summary: this early experimental study analyzed the effects of radiation on growth hormone secretion and short-term cell survival in a cell culture model of dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells.At the time of this study, growth retardation had already been recognized as a significant adverse effect of brain irradiation in humans and experimental animals. Such growth retardation had been associated with impaired secretion of growth hormone in chil...

Eur J Endocrinol. 2020;183:637–645. doi: 10.1530/EJE-20-0617.This study provides for the first time clear evidence that the block and replace (BR) strategy (combination of carbimazole plus levothyroxine) is not superior to the carbimazole dose titration (DT) strategy for treatment of paediatric Graves’ disease.Wood et al. present the first randomized c...